The influence of raw material characteristics on the industrial pelletizing process and pellet quality

Industrial pelletizing of sawdust was carried out as a designed experiment in the factors: sawdust moisture content, fractions of fresh pine, stored pine and spruce. The process parameters and response variables were energy consumption, pellet flow rate, pellet bulk density, durability and moisture content. The final data consisted of twelve industrial scale runs. Because of the many response variables, data evaluation was by principal component analysis of a 12 × 9 data matrix. The two principal component model showed a clustering of samples, with a good reproducibility of the center points. It also showed a positive correlation of energy consumption, bulk density and durability all negatively correlated to flow rate and moisture content. The stored pine was more related to high durability and bulk density. The role of the spruce fraction was unclear. The design matrix, augmented with the process parameters was a 12 × 6 matrix. Partial least squares regression showed excellent results for pellet moisture content and bulk density. The model for durability was promising. A 12 × 21 data matrix of fatty- and resin acid concentrations measured by GC–MS showed the differences between fresh and stored pine very clearly. The influence of the spruce fraction was less clear. However, the influence of the fatty- and resin acids on the pelletizing process could not be confirmed, indicating that other differences between fresh and stored pine sawdust have to be investigated. This work shows that it is possible to design the pelletizing process for moderate energy consumption and high pellet quality.     

青藏铁路西格二线混凝土冻融试验研究

由于工期的要求,青藏铁路西格增建二线必须进行冬期施工。根据工程状况,分析了混凝土受冻的破坏机理,针对施工环境及对混凝土设计强度和要求,进行了大量冻融试验分析,对引气剂、水胶比、砂率、粉煤灰掺量等原材料与混凝土含气量的关系及其混凝土搅拌温度与静停时间等对混凝土性能的影响进行了分析与技术论证,确保了该线冬期混凝土施工顺利进行。     

碾压混凝土抗裂性能的几个影响因素研究

影响碾压混凝土抗裂性能的因素很多，本文主要从水泥矿物成分、石粉含量、掺和料（氧化镁等）、骨料特性（弹性模量）及砂率等方面影响因素开展试验研究，分析各因素对碾压混凝土抗裂性能的影响效果。试验结果表明，砂率和石粉含量均存在碾压混凝土抗裂能力最大的最优含量；掺入适量的氧化镁掺和料和合理增加水泥熟料中的C，S和C4AF两种矿物成分含量，对提高碾压混凝土的抗裂能力非常有利；骨料的弹性模量是影响混凝土弹性模量的重要因素，使用低弹性模量骨料可以大大降低混凝土的弹性模量，增大极限拉伸值，提高混凝土的抗裂能力。     

Simultaneous sulfide and acetate oxidation under denitrifying conditions using an inverse fluidized bed reactor

BACKGROUND: Simultaneous removal of sulfur, nitrogen and carbon compounds from wastewaters is a commercially important biological process. The objective was to evaluate the influence of the CH₃COO^?/NO₃^? molar ratio on the sulfide oxidation process using an inverse fluidized bed reactor (IFBR). RESULTS: Three molar ratios of CH₃COO^?/NO₃^? (0.85, 0.72 and 0.62) with a constant S^2?/NO₃^? molar ratio of 0.13 were evaluated. At a CH₃COO^?/NO₃^? molar ratio of 0.85, the nitrate, acetate and sulfide removal efficiencies were approximately 100%. The N₂ yield (g N₂ g^?1 NO₃^?‐N consumed) was 0.81. Acetate was mineralized, resulting in a yield of 0.65 g inorganic‐C g^?1 CH₃COO^?‐C consumed. Sulfide was partially oxidized to S⁰, and 71% of the S^2? consumed was recovered as elemental sulfur by a settler installed in the IFBR. At a CH₃COO^?/NO₃^? molar ratio of 0.72, the efficiencies of nitrate, acetate and sulfide consumption were of 100%, with N₂ and inorganic‐C yields of 0.84 and 0.69, respectively. The sulfide was recovered as sulfate instead of S⁰, with a yield of 0.92 g SO₄^2?‐S g^?1 S^2? consumed. CONCLUSIONS: The CH₃COO^?/NO₃^? molar ratio was shown to be an important parameter that can be used to control the fate of sulfide oxidation to either S⁰ or sulfate. In this study, the potential of denitrification for the simultaneous removal of organic matter, sulfide and nitrate from wastewaters was demonstrated, obtaining CO₂, S⁰ and N₂ as the major end products. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

声波时差测井在鄂尔多斯天然气勘探中的地质应用

本文应用声波时差测井资料判别划分地层压实异常段,并结合其它测井资料对盖层进行质量评估,寻找油气有利聚集带(段),为勘探提供有利区域和评价依据。     

用光谱辐射计测量大气光学厚度的研究

本文给出了用光谱辐射计VF921-256测量大气光学厚度的实验结果，并对其与太阳辐射计DTF-1的同步测量结果进行了比对。实验结果表明：在比较好的大气条件以及对VF921-256测量中所应用的参考板的非朗伯特性进行校正后，两种方法的测量结果符合得较好。因此，在一定的误差范围内，VF921-256可以用于辐射校正中对大气光学厚度的同步测量。最后，本文对上面两种方法各自的测量误差也进行了进一步的分析讨论。     

F级高云母含量云母带的研制及应用

本文介绍了一种F级高云母含量云母带，它的主要特点是云母含量高达48％以上，具有良好的长时间耐电热老化性能，适用于高压电机主绝缘多胶模压工艺要求，该云母带的应用对提高电机绝缘水平和延长电机使用寿命具有重要意义。     

基于遗传神经网络的电站锅炉飞灰含碳量预测

针对锅炉飞灰含碳置影响因素复杂．实时测量难度大．精度低，提出了一种基于遗传神经网络的预测方法，并用于某电厂，结果表明，该方法是有效的。     

沁水盆地北端煤层气储层特征及富集机制

煤层气的富集与储层特征密切相关,并受地质条件的制约。在详细研究煤储层特征及煤层气富集机制的基础上,对沁水盆地北端煤层气的开发前景进行了初步评价。煤岩、煤质、煤体结构及孔渗性、吸附性的观察和测试显示,该区煤层厚度大,热演化程度高,局部发育构造煤,裂隙较发育,吸附性能力强,含气量高,含气饱和度偏低,适合煤层气的开发。该区煤层气的富集主要受控于热演化史和埋藏史。在区域变质的背景上,叠加了岩浆热变质作用,生气强度大。另外,煤层的埋深、顶底板封闭性及水文地质条件都会影响煤层含气量的大小,煤层气富集是多因素有效配置的结果。